점심을 많이 먹었어요: I had a big lunch
점심을 조금 먹었어요 : I had a light lunch.
점심을 일찍 먹었어요 : I had an early lunch.
점심을 늦게 먹었어요 : I had a late lunch
ex)
A. 배고파? : Are you hungry?
B. 아니, 별로. 점심을 늦게 먹었거든 : Not really. I had a late lunch
A. 나도 그렇게 배고프진 않아. 가벼운 걸로 뭐 시키자 : I’m not that hungry, either. Let’s order something light
[other expressions]
- 점심을 많이 먹었다. (to the younger people or friends)
- 점심을 많이 먹었네. (to the younger people or friends)
- 점심을 많이 먹었어. (to the younger people or friends)
- 점심을 많이 먹었네요. (honourific by '-요')
- 점심을 많이 먹었어요. (honourific by '-요')
- 점심을 많이 먹었습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스-')
[explanations]
* 나 : I (non-honourific word to younger people or friends)
* 저 : I (honourific word to the elderly)
* -는 : a particle makes 나 / 저 subjective after a word ends in a vowel; when this omitted, the sentence is more natural
* 난 : a short form of 나는; this omitted
* 전 : a short form of 저는; this omitted
* 많은 : many; much; a lot
* 많다 : [Pronunciation: 만타] be many; be much; be a lot
* 많이 : an adverb form of 많다
* 조금 : a little; a bit
* 일찍 : early
* 늦은 : late
* 늦다 : [Pronunciation: 늗따] be late
* 늦게 : an adverb form of 늦다
* 먹다 : [Pronunciation: 먹따] eat
* 먹었다 : past tense of 먹다 by '-었-'
* 먹는다 : present tense of 먹다 by '-는-'
* 먹었습니다 : 먹었(the stem of 먹었다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ')
* a verb + -ㄴ다 / -다 / -네 / -어 / -아 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -아 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스-' / '-ㅂ’
* 배고픈 : hungry
* 배고프다 : be hungry <-- 배(stomach; belly) + -고프다(hungry; famished)
- 배가 고프다 : be hungry / feel[get] hungry
* 배고파 : (1) 배고프(the stem of 배고프다; 프 + -아 contracted into 파) + -아(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix) (2) 배고프(the stem of 배고프다; 프 + -아 contracted into 파) + -아(a connection suffix between two verbs)
* 아니다 : be not
* 아니 : a non-honourific descriptive form of 아니디
* 별로 : [別로] (1) in particular; particularly; specially; especially; very; much (2) [as the short form of 별로 아니다] not particularly; never
- 오늘은 별로 바쁘지 않다 : I am not particularly busy today
- 아니 별로 : not really; never
* 먹었거든 : 먹었(the stem of 먹었다) + -거든(A sentence-final ending referring to the reason, cause, or basis for the preceding statement that the speaker thought of)
* 나도 : me too; 나(I) + -도(too)
* 그렇게 : [Pronunciation: 그러케] like that
* 배고프진 : a short form of 배고프지는
* 배고프지는: 배고프(the stem of 배고프다) + -지(a connection suffix makes a verb negative meaning before a verb means negative nuance) + -는(a suffix emphasizes "배고프지")
* 않다 : [Pronunciation: 안타] be not; never
* 않는다 : present form of 않다 by '-는-'
* 않아 : 않(the stem of 않다) + -아(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 가벼운 : light
* 가볍다 : [Pronunciation: 가볍따] be light
* 가볍게 : an adverb form of 가볍다 by '-게'
[Remarks about "ㅂ 불규칙]
In Korean language, All verbs ending in "-ㅂ다" follow the rules below as "ㅂ 불규칙 동사(ㅂ irregular verb)"(“-ㅂ다”로 끝나는 모든 동사는 “ㅂ 불규칙 동사”로서 아래의 규칙을 따른다)
[ㅂ 불규칙 (V irregular rule)]
* ㅂ is originally from ㅸ (ㆁ after ㅂ a sign that tells you to weakly pronounce 'ㅂ' and stop right away. (See: https://namu.wiki/w/%ED%9B%88%EB%AF%BC%EC%A0%95%EC%9D%8C%EC%9D%98%20%EC%88%9C%EA%B2%BD%EC%9D%8C)
(1) the ㅂ of 가볍다 is not 'B' sound but 'V' sound and V consists of ㅂ + 옛이응 ‘ㆁ’. these days V sound changed into '우' for easy pronunciation
- See : https://m.blog.naver.com/nurisejong/221050681781
(2) 가벼운: an adjective form of 가볍다; this is from 가벼 + ㅂ(V sound consists of ㅂ + 옛이응 ‘ㆁ’; this changed into '우') + ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb into an adjective)
(3) 가벼워 : 가볍(the stem of 가볍다; ㅂ(V sound) changed into 우) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 걸로 : a short form of 것으로
* 것 : a thing
* -으로 : as
* 뭐 : a short form of 뭘
* 뭘 : a short form of 무엇을
* 무엇(what)
* -을 : a particle makes 무엇 objective after a word ends in a consonant
* 시키다 : (1) do someone to do (2) order in the sentence
* 시키자 : 시키(the stem of 시키다) + -자(a non-honourific propositive or imperative verb ending suffix)
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